have sth to do还是have sth to be done知识点总结

have sth to do还是have sth to be done知识点总结
“Do you have anything _________, Professor Smith?” “No, thanks.”
A. to type B. typing C. to be typed D. being typed
根据 I have something to type. I have a letter to write. He has some clothes to wash. 等相关句式类推，许多同学毫不犹豫地选择了A答案，但是错了，最佳答案应是C。确实，在“have+宾语+不定式”结构中，用作定语的不定式通常用主动式表示被动含义，如 I have a letter to write 之类的，按理说其中的 a letter 与其后的不定式之类的，按理说其中的 to write 具有被动关系，即“信”应该是“被写”，但这里却习惯上用主动式表示这个被动意义。不过同学们还要注意一点，就是这类句型的主语与其后的不定式具有主动关系，如 I have a letter to write. 中的 to write 就是由该句主语 I 来完成的。而上面一题的情形则稍有不同，即其中的 to type 这一动作不是由句子主语 to type you (在此指 Professor Smith)来完成的，而是由说话者“我”来完成的，句意为“史密斯教授，你有什么文件要我打字吗？”请再看一例：
I’m going to Beijing next week. Do you have anything to be taken to your son? 我下个星期要去北京，你有什么东西要带给你儿子的吗？
句中的 to be taken 用了被动式而没用主动式，原因就是“带”这个动作不是句子主语you 去完成的，而是由说话者“我”来完成的。比较下面的句子：
Are you going to Beijing? Do you have anything to take to your son? 你要去北京吗？你有什么东西要带给你儿子吗？
I’m going to Beijing next week. I have a lot of things to take with me. 下个星期我要去北京，我随身要带很多东西去。
高中英语单词表3500词必背
 英语单词记忆法
 高中英语课本

1. I don’t know whether you happen ____ it, but I’m going to study in the U.S.A. this September.
A. to be heard B. to be hearing C. to hear D. to have heard
2. _____ and out of breath, we reached the top of the mountain and stopped _____ the beautiful scenery.
A. Tiring; to admire B. Being tired; admiring
C. Tired; to admire D. Tired; admiring
3. Don’t leave the water ____ while you brush your teeth.
A. run B. running C. being run D. to run
4. He looked around and caught a man _____ his hand into the pocket of a passenger.
A. put B. to be put C. to put D. putting
5. _____ the diamond, he had to look for a place to hide it.
A. Having stolen B. Having been stolen C. Stolen D. Stealing
6. To answer correctly is more important than _____.
A. that you finish quickly B. finishing quickly C. to finish quickly D. finish quickly
7. You will see this product made in this factory _____ wherever you go.
A. to be advertised B. advertised C. advertise D. advertising
8. The monument was built in honor of the explorer who was believed _____ the river.
A. to have discovered B. to have been discovered
C. to discover D. having been discovered
9. —— Have you considered _____ your job as a teacher?
——Yes. I like the job because a teacher is often considered _____ a gardener.
A. to change; to be B. to change; being C. changing; being D. changing; to be
10. Mr. Green is said _____ an experiment to prove the new method of solving the problem when young.
A. to do B. to have done C. to be doing D. to have been doing
【答案与解析解析】
1.
【解析】happen to have done sth 为不定式的完成时, 表示一个已经完成了的动作,强调对于现在的影响.
【答案】D
2.
【解析】ti red and out of breath为“形容词和介词短语”在句中作状语。stop to do sth. 停下来去做另外一件事
【答案】C
3.
【解析】非谓语动词作宾语补足语时,选项A、D表示将来可能发生的动作;B表示宾语持续性动作,根据句意选B,表示水不停地流出。
【答案】B
4.
【解析】catch sb doing sth表示发觉或当场捉住 sb在做一件事情。
【答案】D
5.
【解析】从动作发生的时间来看，应是先偷钻石，再找地方藏匿，故用-ing形式的完成式。
【答案】 A
6.
【解析】题意为“正确做出答案要比快速完成更重要”。两个非谓语动词短语在形式上应保持一致。
【答案】C
7.
【解析】advertise意为“为……登广告”。made in this factory作定语修饰produ ct; advertised作宾语补足语。
【答案】B
8.
【解析】用不定式的完成式表示动作发生在(定语)从句谓语动作之前。
【答案】 A
9.
【解析】consider 作“考虑”解时，后常接-ing形式(短语)作宾语;作“认为” 解时，后常接含有名词、形容词或to be的复合结构。
【答案】D
10.
【解析】由when young可知此处应该用不定式的完成式，表示此动作发生在谓语动作之前。
【答案】B