英语含蓄虚拟条件句用法高频考点

英语含蓄虚拟条件句用法高频考点
含蓄虚拟条件句是指句中没有明显的虚拟条件句，而是利用其他手段来暗示存在虚拟条件。这类用法主要见于以下七种方式：
（1）将条件隐含在不定式短语中。
I should be happy to go with you. (=I should be happy if I could go with you.)
（2）将条件隐含在分词短语中。
Born in better times, he would have been a scholar. (=If he had been born in better times, he …)
（3）将条件隐含在介词短语中。
Without air, no one could live. (=If there were no air, no one could live.)
常用的介词或介词短语，如but for, but that, without, in case of, under, under more favorable condition等。
（4）将条件隐含在名词短语中。
A true friend would not have betrayed me. (=If he had been a true friend, he would…)

（5）将条件隐含在某些连词(如or, or else, otherwise等)中。用法如下：它们后的句子如果说的不是客观事实，它们前边的句子采用陈述语气，后边的句子采用虚拟语气。

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（a）句子（一般现在时）+ or, or else, otherwise + 句子（谓语部分：should\would\could\might等+ 动词原形）
（b）句子（一般过去时）+ or, or else, otherwise + 句子（谓语部分：should\would\could\might等+ have done）
（6）将条件隐含在一定的上下文中。
Don’t bother to read all these papers. It would take too long.
(=…If you read all these papers, it would take too long)
常用来表示含蓄虚拟条件的手段连词如：so that, unless, in case, supposing, lest, provided，for fear that, on condition that, if only等。
(注：lest, for fear that和in case引起的从句中谓语动词多用should+动词原形，但可以不用虚拟语气，而用动词的陈述语气形式。)
注意：but后面转折成真实情况的用法
例：I would have bought it yesterday, but I had no money.

题1： “You’ll have to wait for two hours, ______is, at about 11:30, ______ the medical report will come out, ” the doctor said to me.
A. that; when B. which; that C. that; which D. it; whose

题2： That is the small house less than 20 square meters, under ______ roof lives a large family of three generations.
A. which B. whose C. its D. that

题3： Many children, _____ parents are away working in big cities，are taken good care of in th e village.
A. their B. of them C. whose D. with whom

题4： We shouldn’t spent our money testing so many people, most of _______ are healthy.
A. that B. who C. what D. whom

题5： Northern Ireland is filled with talented writers and poets, some of ______ have established themselves within the world of literature.
A. them B. which C. whom D. these

题1： A
详解：that is是插入语，用来对上文进行解释说明，所以第一个空填that; ______ the medical report will come out是非限制性定语从句, 其现行词为about 11:30，在从句中作时间状语，所以第二空填when。
题2： B
详解：under ______ roof lives a large family of three是定语从句，其先行词为house。House和roof之间是所属关系，故用whose。
题3： C
详解：______ parents are away working in big cities是定语从句，其先行词为children。children与parents之间是所属关系，故用whose。
题4： D
详解：most of _______ are healthy是非限制性定语从句。That不能引导非限制性定语从句，排除A；what不能引导定语从句，排除C；people为先行词，关系词作of的宾语且介词of前置，所以选whom。
题5： C
详解：some of ______ have established themselves within the world of literature是非限制性定语从句，其先行词为talented writers and poets。关系词作介词of的宾语，所以选whom。